Tom Jenkinson, professionally known as Squarepusher, is a British electronic musician celebrated for his innovative fusion of genres such as drum and bass, acid techno, and jazz fusion. Born on January 17, 1975, in Chelmsford, Essex, England, he was immersed in music from an early age, influenced by his father, a jazz drummer. This early exposure led him to learn bass guitar and drums during his high school years.
In the early 1990s, Jenkinson's musical interests expanded to include electronic music, drawing inspiration from artists like LFO and Carl Craig. This shift prompted him to experiment with integrating breakbeats into electronic compositions. His initial recordings, released under his own name, garnered attention from the electronic music community. Notably, his early works were released on the Spymania label, including the EPs "Conumber" and "Alroy Road Tracks," the latter under the pseudonym "The Duke of Harringay."
Jenkinson's innovative approach caught the attention of Richard D. James, known as Aphex Twin, leading to the release of his debut album, "Feed Me Weird Things," on Rephlex Records in 1996. This album showcased his unique blend of jazz-influenced bass lines with complex electronic rhythms.
Later in 1996, Jenkinson signed with Warp Records, a label renowned for its roster of experimental electronic artists. His first release with Warp was the "Port Rhombus" EP, followed by the critically acclaimed album "Hard Normal Daddy" in 1997. This period marked a significant evolution in his sound, incorporating more intricate drum programming and live instrumentation.
Throughout his career, Squarepusher has continued to push the boundaries of electronic music, exploring various styles and technologies. His discography includes over 15 albums, with notable releases such as "Go Plastic" (2001), "Ultravisitor" (2004), and "Hello Everything" (2006). His most recent album, "Dostrotime," was released on March 1, 2024, further demonstrating his commitment to innovation in music production.
Squarepusher's journey into music production reflects a continuous exploration of musical genres and technologies, establishing him as a pivotal figure in the evolution of electronic music.
Squarepusher, the alias of Tom Jenkinson, has developed a distinctive sound by integrating a diverse array of musical influences:
Jazz Fusion: Jenkinson's early exposure to jazz, particularly through his father, a jazz drummer, profoundly shaped his musical direction. He has cited artists like Herbie Hancock and Miles Davis as significant influences, especially their work in jazz fusion, which blends jazz improvisation with rock rhythms and electronic elements.
Electronic Pioneers: The innovative approaches of electronic musicians such as Aphex Twin (Richard D. James) and Luke Vibert have been pivotal in shaping Squarepusher's sound. Jenkinson has expressed admiration for Aphex Twin's experimental techniques and Vibert's work under the alias Plug, particularly the track "Military Jazz," which inspired him to rethink his programming of breakbeats.
Drum and Bass: The rapid tempos and complex breakbeats characteristic of drum and bass have significantly influenced Squarepusher's compositions. His early works, such as the album "Feed Me Weird Things," showcase his integration of these elements, contributing to the development of the drill 'n' bass subgenre.
Funk and Television Themes: Jenkinson has mentioned that music from television programs he watched as a child, including the funk-infused theme of "Grange Hill," has influenced his work. These elements are evident in his rhythmic structures and melodic lines.
By synthesizing these diverse influences, Squarepusher has crafted a unique sound that defies conventional genre boundaries, continually pushing the limits of electronic music.
Squarepusher, the moniker of Tom Jenkinson, has cultivated a distinctive sound through a multifaceted approach that blends technical innovation with diverse musical influences:
1. Integration of Live Instrumentation and Electronic Elements
Jenkinson's background as a bassist and drummer allows him to seamlessly incorporate live instrumentation into his electronic compositions. This fusion is evident in albums like "Hard Normal Daddy," where he combines live bass performances with intricate electronic programming.
2. Advanced Programming and Custom Software Development
To achieve his unique sound, Jenkinson often develops custom software tailored to his creative needs. For instance, during the production of "Damogen Furies," he created bespoke software to facilitate real-time manipulation of complex rhythms and textures, enabling spontaneous and dynamic live performances.
3. Experimental Sound Design and Genre Fusion
Squarepusher is renowned for blending various genres, including drum and bass, jazz fusion, and acid techno. His willingness to experiment with unconventional structures and sounds results in compositions that challenge traditional genre boundaries. This approach is exemplified in tracks like "My Red Hot Car," which merges glitchy beats with melodic elements.
4. Emphasis on Live Performance and Improvisation
Live performance is central to Jenkinson's creative process. He often tests new material in live settings, using audience feedback to refine his compositions. This iterative process ensures that his music remains dynamic and responsive to the energy of live audiences.
5. Continuous Exploration of New Technologies
Jenkinson stays at the forefront of music technology, incorporating new tools and techniques into his work. His collaboration with the Z-Machines, a robotic band, led to the creation of the "Music for Robots" EP, showcasing his interest in the intersection of technology and music.
Through this combination of live musicianship, technical innovation, and genre-defying experimentation, Squarepusher continues to craft a sound that is both distinctive and continually evolving.
Squarepusher, the alias of Tom Jenkinson, adopts a dynamic and multifaceted workflow when initiating new music projects. His approach is characterized by several key elements:
1. Emphasis on Live Instrumentation
Jenkinson's background as a bassist and drummer significantly influences his creative process. He often begins compositions by recording live bass guitar or drum performances, which serve as foundational elements for his tracks. This integration of live instrumentation imparts a human touch to his electronic productions.
2. Utilization of Custom-Built Software
To achieve his distinctive sound, Jenkinson frequently develops custom software tailored to his specific creative needs. For instance, during the production of "Damogen Furies," he employed bespoke software that facilitated real-time manipulation of complex rhythms and textures, enabling spontaneous and dynamic live performances.
3. Exploration of Analog Equipment
In certain projects, Jenkinson revisits analog equipment to capture unique sonic qualities. For example, while working on "Be Up a Hello," he returned to using hardware such as the Yamaha QY700 sequencer and vintage synthesizers, instruments he had utilized in his early career. This approach allowed him to reconnect with the tactile aspects of music production.
4. Iterative Composition and Refinement
Jenkinson's workflow is highly iterative. He often composes and arranges tracks in a nonlinear fashion, continually refining elements as the piece evolves. This method enables him to experiment with complex structures and intricate details, resulting in compositions that are both dynamic and meticulously crafted.
5. Integration of Live Performance Feedback
Live performance plays a crucial role in Jenkinson's creative process. He frequently tests new material in live settings, using audience reactions to inform further refinements. This practice ensures that his music remains engaging and responsive to the energy of live audiences.
By blending live instrumentation, custom software development, analog experimentation, iterative refinement, and live performance integration, Squarepusher crafts a unique and evolving sound that defies conventional genre boundaries.
Tom Jenkinson, known professionally as Squarepusher, has extensive experience in recording and mixing music, often handling these processes himself to maintain creative control. His approach is characterized by a deep understanding of both analog and digital technologies, allowing him to craft his distinctive sound.
Recording Techniques
Jenkinson's recording methods vary depending on the project. For albums like "Music Is Rotted One Note," he recorded live instruments, including bass guitar and drums, to capture an organic feel reminiscent of jazz fusion. In contrast, for "Go Plastic," he shifted to a predominantly digital setup, utilizing hardware such as the Eventide DSP4000 and Orville digital effects processors, Yamaha QY700 sequencers, and Akai S6000 sampler to create a more synthetic sound.
Mixing Approach
Jenkinson often prefers to mix his own music, believing that the technical aspects of recording and mixing significantly influence the emotional experience of listening. He has expressed concerns about conveying his ideas to an engineer, fearing that verbal communication might not accurately capture his specific sonic intentions. By handling the mixing process himself, he ensures that the final product aligns closely with his creative vision.
Use of Custom Software
To achieve his unique sound, Jenkinson has developed custom software tailored to his creative needs. For instance, during the production of "Damogen Furies," he created bespoke software that facilitated real-time manipulation of complex rhythms and textures, enabling spontaneous and dynamic live performances.
Live Performance Integration
Live performance plays a crucial role in Jenkinson's creative process. He frequently tests new material in live settings, using audience reactions to inform further refinements. This practice ensures that his music remains engaging and responsive to the energy of live audiences.
Through his hands-on approach to recording and mixing, combined with his technical expertise and willingness to experiment, Squarepusher continues to push the boundaries of electronic music production.
Squarepusher, the alias of Tom Jenkinson, is renowned for his innovative use of both audio software and hardware to craft his distinctive sound. His setup has evolved over time, reflecting his commitment to pushing the boundaries of electronic music production.
Custom-Built Software
A significant aspect of Squarepusher's approach involves developing bespoke software tailored to his creative needs. For instance, during the production of his album Damogen Furies, he utilized a custom system known as "System 4," which he designed to facilitate real-time manipulation of complex rhythms and textures. This allowed for spontaneous and dynamic live performances, enabling him to perform the album's material live without compromising its complexity.
Digital Audio Workstations (DAWs)
In addition to his custom software, Squarepusher has employed various DAWs throughout his career. Notably, he has used Steinberg's Nuendo for multitrack recording and editing, particularly during the production of the Shobaleader One project. He appreciates the flexibility that DAWs offer but often prefers to minimize their use to maintain a more hands-on approach to music creation.
Hardware Synthesizers and Samplers
Squarepusher's hardware arsenal includes a range of synthesizers and samplers that contribute to his unique sound palette:
Yamaha QY700 Sequencer: This hardware sequencer has been a staple in his setup, providing robust sequencing capabilities that align with his preference for hardware-based workflows.
Akai S6000 Sampler: Known for its high-quality sampling and extensive editing features, the Akai S6000 has been integral to his sound design process.
Yamaha TX81Z and FS1R Synthesizers: These FM synthesizers are valued for their complex sound generation capabilities, allowing for the creation of intricate timbres.
Effects Processors
To further sculpt his sound, Squarepusher utilizes advanced effects processors:
- Eventide DSP4000 and Orville: These digital effects processors are renowned for their high-quality algorithms and versatility, enabling him to apply intricate effects and processing to his sounds.
Audio Interfaces
For high-fidelity audio capture and playback, he employs professional-grade audio interfaces:
- RME MADIface XT: This interface offers high-channel count and low-latency performance, essential for his complex setups and live performances.
By integrating custom software with a diverse array of hardware, Squarepusher maintains a flexible and innovative production environment that allows him to continually explore new sonic territories.
Squarepusher, the alias of Tom Jenkinson, is renowned for his innovative approach to sampling and sound processing, utilizing a combination of hardware and software to craft his distinctive soundscapes.
Hardware Preferences
Akai S6000 Sampler: Jenkinson has employed the Akai S6000 for its high-quality sampling capabilities and extensive editing features. This hardware sampler allows for precise manipulation of audio samples, enabling the creation of complex textures and rhythms.
Yamaha QY700 Sequencer: The Yamaha QY700 has been a staple in his setup, providing robust sequencing capabilities that align with his preference for hardware-based workflows. This sequencer facilitates intricate programming of drum patterns and melodic sequences, contributing to the rhythmic complexity characteristic of his music.
Software Preferences
Custom-Built Software: To achieve his unique sound, Jenkinson often develops custom software tailored to his creative needs. For instance, during the production of "Damogen Furies," he created bespoke software that facilitated real-time manipulation of complex rhythms and textures, enabling spontaneous and dynamic live performances.
Native Instruments REAKTOR: Jenkinson has employed REAKTOR, a modular software synthesizer and effects processor, to create complex sounds and effects. Its modular nature allows for extensive customization, aligning with his experimental approach to sound design.
Examples of Use
Sample Manipulation: Utilizing the Akai S6000, Jenkinson samples various audio sources, including live instruments and field recordings. He then processes these samples through the sampler's editing functions, applying pitch shifts, time-stretching, and filtering to create unique sounds. These processed samples are sequenced using the Yamaha QY700 to construct intricate compositions.
Real-Time Performance: With his custom-built software, Jenkinson performs live manipulations of audio samples, adjusting parameters such as tempo, pitch, and effects in real-time. This approach allows for dynamic performances where the music evolves organically, responding to the energy of the audience.
By integrating these hardware and software tools, Squarepusher achieves a seamless blend of pre-programmed precision and live spontaneity, resulting in a sound that is both meticulously crafted and dynamically expressive.
Squarepusher, the alias of Tom Jenkinson, has developed a distinctive sound through his selective use of Digital Audio Workstations (DAWs) and plugins, often favoring custom-built solutions to meet his unique creative needs.
Digital Audio Workstations (DAWs)
Steinberg Nuendo: Jenkinson has utilized Steinberg's Nuendo for multitrack recording and editing, particularly during the production of the Shobaleader One project. He appreciates the flexibility that DAWs offer but often prefers to minimize their use to maintain a more hands-on approach to music creation.
SuperCollider: Known for its real-time audio synthesis and algorithmic composition capabilities, SuperCollider has been part of Jenkinson's toolkit, allowing for intricate sound design and experimental compositions.
Plugins and Software Instruments
- Native Instruments REAKTOR: Jenkinson has employed REAKTOR, a modular software synthesizer and effects processor, to create complex sounds and effects. Its modular nature allows for extensive customization, aligning with his experimental approach to sound design.
Custom-Built Software
A significant aspect of Squarepusher's approach involves developing bespoke software tailored to his creative needs. For instance, during the production of his album Damogen Furies, he utilized a custom system known as "System 4," which he designed to facilitate real-time manipulation of complex rhythms and textures. This allowed for spontaneous and dynamic live performances, enabling him to perform the album's material live without compromising its complexity.
Contribution to His Sound
By integrating these DAWs and plugins, along with his custom-built software, Squarepusher achieves a sound that is both intricate and dynamic. The flexibility of tools like REAKTOR and SuperCollider enables him to experiment with complex sound design, while his custom software allows for real-time manipulation and performance, ensuring that his music remains innovative and engaging.
Squarepusher, the alias of Tom Jenkinson, is renowned for his innovative sound design, achieved through a combination of hardware and software synthesizers. His approach involves both classic analog equipment and custom-built digital tools, allowing for a unique and evolving sonic palette.
Hardware Synthesizers
Roland SH-101: A staple in Squarepusher's setup, the SH-101 is a monophonic analog synthesizer known for its rich bass tones and distinctive leads. Jenkinson utilizes its straightforward interface to craft intricate sequences and modulate parameters in real-time during performances.
Yamaha FS1R: This digital synthesizer offers advanced formant synthesis capabilities, enabling the creation of complex, evolving sounds. Squarepusher employs the FS1R to design unique timbres that blend seamlessly with his electronic compositions.
Software Synthesizers
Native Instruments REAKTOR: Jenkinson leverages REAKTOR's modular environment to build custom instruments and effects, facilitating experimental sound design. This flexibility allows him to create bespoke sounds tailored to his artistic vision.
Custom-Built Software: To achieve his unique sound, Jenkinson often develops custom software tailored to his creative needs. For instance, during the production of "Damogen Furies," he created bespoke software that facilitated real-time manipulation of complex rhythms and textures, enabling spontaneous and dynamic live performances.
Application in Sound Design
Basslines and Leads: Using the Roland SH-101, Squarepusher crafts dynamic basslines and lead melodies. By adjusting the filter cutoff and resonance, he shapes the harmonic content, creating sounds that range from smooth to aggressive.
Evolving Textures: The Yamaha FS1R's formant synthesis allows for the creation of evolving textures. Jenkinson programs complex modulation routings to morph sounds over time, adding depth and movement to his tracks.
Custom Instruments: Through REAKTOR and his own software, Squarepusher designs unique instruments that produce unconventional sounds. This approach enables him to explore new sonic territories, contributing to the distinctive character of his music.
By integrating these hardware and software synthesizers, Squarepusher achieves a versatile and innovative approach to sound design, continually pushing the boundaries of electronic music.
Squarepusher, the alias of Tom Jenkinson, has encountered several technical challenges throughout his career, which he has addressed through innovation and adaptability:
1. Managing Complex Live Setups
During the Ufabulum tour, Jenkinson faced difficulties with a cumbersome live setup, transporting approximately three-quarters of a ton of equipment worldwide. This included a large mixing console and various hardware components, leading to logistical challenges and high freight costs. To overcome this, he streamlined his setup by developing custom software that replicated the functionalities of his hardware, reducing the physical equipment needed for performances.
2. Developing Custom Software for Real-Time Performance
To achieve greater flexibility and control during live performances, Jenkinson invested significant time in creating bespoke software systems. For the album Damogen Furies, he developed "System 4," a custom software environment that allowed real-time manipulation of complex rhythms and textures. This innovation enabled him to perform intricate compositions live without relying on pre-recorded elements.
3. Balancing Technical and Creative Processes
Jenkinson often manages both the technical aspects of recording and the creative process simultaneously, which can be challenging. He emphasizes the importance of maintaining a balance between technical precision and musical spontaneity. By immersing himself in both roles, he ensures that the technical execution enhances, rather than hinders, his creative vision.
Through these experiences, Squarepusher has demonstrated resilience and ingenuity, continually pushing the boundaries of electronic music production and performance.
Squarepusher, the moniker of Tom Jenkinson, is renowned for his solo work, where he exercises complete creative control over his music. This autonomy allows him to navigate creative challenges independently, ensuring his artistic vision remains uncompromised. In collaborative settings, Jenkinson approaches creative differences with a focus on open communication and mutual respect.
Solo Work and Creative Autonomy
In his solo projects, Jenkinson manages all aspects of music production, from composition to mixing. This self-reliance enables him to address creative challenges directly, experimenting with various techniques and technologies to achieve his desired outcomes. For instance, during the production of Damogen Furies, he developed custom software to facilitate real-time manipulation of complex rhythms and textures, allowing for spontaneous and dynamic live performances.
Collaborative Projects and Managing Creative Differences
While Jenkinson primarily works solo, he has engaged in collaborations, such as with the band Shobaleader One. In these settings, he emphasizes the importance of clear communication and mutual respect to navigate creative differences. By fostering an environment where all contributors feel valued, he ensures that collaborative efforts are harmonious and productive.
Overall, Squarepusher's approach to creative challenges—whether in solo endeavors or collaborations—demonstrates his commitment to artistic integrity and innovation.
Squarepusher, the alias of Tom Jenkinson, has expressed nuanced views on current trends in music production, emphasizing the importance of innovation and cautioning against over-reliance on technology.
Advocacy for Innovation
Jenkinson encourages artists to explore new creative avenues rather than conforming to established norms. He believes that the essence of music lies in its ability to evolve and challenge listeners, urging musicians to push boundaries and avoid complacency.
Skepticism Toward Technological Dependence
While acknowledging the benefits of modern production tools, Jenkinson warns against becoming overly dependent on them. He argues that off-the-shelf software and conventional hardware can impose limitations on creativity, as they often come with predetermined structures designed by engineers rather than musicians. To maintain artistic freedom, he has developed custom software tailored to his specific needs, allowing for greater control over his creative process.
Emphasis on Composition Over Technical Perfection
Jenkinson places higher value on the strength of musical composition than on technical perfection. He suggests that a well-written piece can transcend recording quality, resonating with listeners regardless of production standards. This perspective underscores his belief that the emotional and structural aspects of music are paramount.
In summary, Squarepusher advocates for continuous innovation in music production, encourages a balanced use of technology, and prioritizes strong composition over technical precision.
Tom Jenkinson, known professionally as Squarepusher, has shared insights into the evolving role of music producers, emphasizing the increasing importance of technological proficiency and creative autonomy.
Technological Proficiency
Jenkinson highlights the necessity for producers to develop a deep understanding of both hardware and software tools. He believes that mastering these technologies enables producers to push creative boundaries and craft unique sounds. For instance, during the production of his album Damogen Furies, he developed custom software to facilitate real-time manipulation of complex rhythms and textures, allowing for spontaneous and dynamic live performances.
Creative Autonomy
Jenkinson advocates for producers to take full control of the creative process, from composition to mixing and mastering. He suggests that this autonomy allows for a more authentic expression of artistic vision, free from external constraints. By handling all aspects of production, producers can ensure that the final product aligns closely with their creative intentions.
Adaptability and Continuous Learning
Recognizing the rapid advancements in music technology, Jenkinson emphasizes the importance of adaptability and continuous learning. He encourages producers to stay abreast of new developments and to be willing to experiment with emerging tools and techniques. This openness to innovation is crucial for remaining relevant in the evolving music landscape.
In summary, Squarepusher envisions the future role of music producers as being increasingly technologically adept, creatively autonomous, and adaptable to ongoing changes in the industry.